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Family Well-Being & Child Development |
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New Hope for the Working Poor
Effects After Eight Years for Families and Children
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2008. Cynthia Miller, Aletha C. Huston, Greg J. Duncan, Vonnie C. McLoyd, and Thomas S. Weisner.
Implemented in 1994 in Milwaukee, New Hope provided full-time, low-wage workers with several benefits for three years: an earnings supplement, low-cost health insurance, and subsidized child care. A random assignment study shows positive effects for both adults and children, some of which persisted five years after the program ended.
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New Hope’s Eight-Year Impacts on Employment and Family Income
Working Paper
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2008. Greg Duncan, Cynthia Miller, Amy Classens, Mimi Engel, Heather Hill, and Constance Lindsay.
Implemented in 1994, New Hope provided full-time workers with several benefits for three years: an earnings supplement, low-cost health insurance, and subsidized child care. This working paper examines the program’s impacts on employment and earnings, as well as on family income and poverty, up to eight years beyond the point of random assignment.
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New Hope’s Effects on Children’s Future Orientation and Employment Experiences
Working Paper
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2008. Vonnie C. McLoyd, Rachel Kaplan, and Kelly M. Purtell.
Implemented in 1994, New Hope provided full-time workers with several benefits for three years: an earnings supplement, low-cost health insurance, and subsidized child care. This working paper examines the program’s impacts on children’s future orientation and employment experiences eight years after random assignment.
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Long-Term Effects of New Hope on Children’s Academic Achievement and Achievement Motivation
Working Paper
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2008. Aletha C. Huston, Jessica Thornton Walker, Chantelle J. Dowsett, Amy E. Imes, and Angelica Ware.
Implemented in 1994, New Hope provided full-time workers with several benefits for three years: an earnings supplement, low-cost health insurance, and subsidized child care. This working paper examines the effects of New Hope on children’s academic achievement and achievement motivation eight years after random assignment.
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New Hope’s Effects on Social Behavior, Parenting, and Activities at Eight Years
Working Paper
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2008. Aletha C. Huston, Anjali E. Gupta, Alison C. Bentley, Chantelle Dowsett, Angelica Ware, and Sylvia R. Epps.
Implemented in 1994, New Hope provided full-time workers with several benefits for three years: an earnings supplement, low-cost health insurance, and subsidized child care. This working paper examines the effects of New Hope on children’s social behavior, parent-child relationships, and participation in out-of-school activities eight years after random assignment.
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Transitional Jobs for Ex-Prisoners
Early Impacts from a Random Assignment Evaluation of the Center for Employment Opportunities (CEO) Prisoner Reentry Program
Working Paper
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2007. Dan Bloom, Cindy Redcross, Janine Zweig (Urban Institute), and Gilda Azurdia.
After one year, CEO’s transitional jobs program generated a large but short-lived increase in employment for ex-prisoners. A subgroup of recently released prisoners showed positive effects on recidivism: They were less likely to have their parole revoked, to be convicted of a felony, and to be reincarcerated than the control group.
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Four Strategies to Overcome Barriers to Employment
An Introduction to the Enhanced Services for the Hard-to-Employ Demonstration and Evaluation Project
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2007. Dan Bloom, Cindy Redcross, JoAnn Hsueh, Sarah Rich, and Vanessa Martin.
This demonstration is evaluating four diverse strategies designed to improve employment and other outcomes for low-income parents and others who face serious barriers to employment.
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Investing in Parents to Invest in Children
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2007. Gordon L. Berlin.
In these remarks, delivered at Speaker Nancy Pelosi’s National Summit on America’s Children on May 22, MDRC President Gordon Berlin summarizes rigorous research evidence showing that supplementing the earnings of parents helps raise families out of poverty and improves the school performance of young children.
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The Power of Work
The Center for Employment Opportunities
Comprehensive Prisoner Reentry Program
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2006. The Center for Employment Opportunities and MDRC.
The Center for Employment Opportunities (CEO) serves nearly 2,000 reentering prisoners a year with a structured program of pre-employment training, immediate short-term transitional work, and job placement services. This report, written jointly by CEO and MDRC, describes how the CEO program operates. Results from a random assignment evaluation by MDRC are expected next year.
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Turning Welfare into a Work Support
Six-Year Impacts on Parents and Children from the Minnesota Family Investment Program
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2005. Lisa A. Gennetian, Cynthia Miller, and Jared Smith.
While positive effects on most parents’ earnings and income faded after six years, young children in some of the most disadvantaged families were still performing better in school than their counterparts in a control group. And, for the most disadvantaged parents, MFIP seems to have created a lasting “leg up” in the labor market.
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Effects of Welfare and Employment Policies on Young Children
New Findings on Policy Experiments Conducted in the Early 1990s
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2005. Pamela A. Morris, Lisa A. Gennetian, and Greg J. Duncan. Social Policy Report Volume XIX, No.2.
In welfare and employment programs that provide earnings supplements, increased family income plays a key role in improving children’s school achievement.
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Stability and Change in Child Care and Employment
Evidence from Three States
Working Paper
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2005. Cynthia Miller.
In a study of over 3,500 women in welfare-to-work programs in three states, child care instability did not appear to be a major cause of employment instability.
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The Interaction of Child Support and TANF
Evidence from Samples of Current and Former Welfare Recipients
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2005. Cynthia Miller, Mary Farrell, Maria Cancian, Daniel R. Meyer.
This study suggests that child support can be an important income source and can help welfare recipients move toward self-sufficiency. More generous distribution rules increase payment rates, but many parents still do not understand the distribution rules.
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Married and Poor
Basic Characteristics of Economically Disadvantaged Couples in the U.S.
Working Paper
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2004. David J. Fein.
Using recent surveys and published reports, this working paper assembles a portrait of the attitudes and behaviors of disadvantaged married couples. It gathers and assesses descriptive statistics on the formation and stability, characteristics, and quality of marriages in the low-income population in the U.S. We welcome discussion and comments on this working paper.
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The Effects of Marriage and Divorce on Families and Children
Presented Before the Science, Technology and Space Subcommittee of the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United States Senate
Congressional Testimony
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2004. Gordon Berlin.
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Welfare Reform, Work, and Child Care
The Role of Informal Care in the Lives of Low-Income Women and Children
Policy Brief
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2003. Virginia W. Knox, Andrew S. London, Ellen K. Scott with Susan Blank.
Drawing on ethnographic interviews, this policy brief describes the patchwork child care arrangements made by low-income parents and discusses implications for policies that would promote the dual objectives of child well-being and parental employment.
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The Long-Term Effects of the Minnesota Family Investment Program on Marriage and Divorce Among Two-Parent Families
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2003. Lisa A. Gennetian.
Building on findings that the Minnesota Family Investment Program (MFIP) resulted in higher rates of marital stability among two-parent recipient families who participated in this initiative that provided financial incentives to welfare recipients who worked, this report documents MFIP’s long-term effects on marriage and divorce among participants in the program’s sample of nearly 2,500 two-parent families who were married or cohabiting at study entry.
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New Hope for Families and Children
Five-Year Results of a Program to Reduce Poverty and Reform Welfare
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2003. Aletha C. Huston, Cynthia Miller, Lashawn Richburg-Hayes, Greg J. Duncan, Carolyn A. Eldred, Thomas S. Weisner, Edward Lowe, Vonnie A. McLoyd, Daniella A. Crosby, Marika N. Ripke, Cindy Redcross.
This rigorous long-term evaluation reveals that building a safety net of financial supports for low-income parents who work improved the well-being of their children.
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The Effects of Welfare and Employment Policies on Child Care Use by Low-Income Young Mothers
Working Paper
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2003. Anna Gassman-Pines.
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The Effects of Welfare Policy on Child Care Decisions
Evidence from Ten Experimental Welfare-to-Work Programs
Working Paper
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2003. Philip K. Robins.
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Child Care and Employment
Evidence from Random Assignment Studies of Welfare and Work Programs
Working Paper
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2003. Lisa A. Gennetian and Charles Michalopoulos.
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Out of Their Hands
Patching Together Care for Children When Parents Move from Welfare to Work
Working Paper
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2003. Ellen Scott, Allison Hurst, and Andrew S. London.
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Instability in Child Care
Ethnographic Evidence from Working Poor Families in the New Hope Intervention
Working Paper
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2003. Edward D. Lowe, Thomas S. Weisner, Sonya Geis.
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"Making A Way Out of No Way"
How Mothers Meet Basic Family Needs While Moving from Welfare to Work
Working Paper
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2003. Susan Clampet-Lundquist, Kathryn Edin, Andrew S. London, Ellen Scott, and Vicki Hunter.
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Staying Single
The Effects of Welfare Reform Policies on Marriage and Cohabitation
Working Paper
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2003. Lisa A. Gennetian and Virginia Knox.
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Making Child Care Choices
How Welfare and Work Policies Influence Parents' Decisions
Policy Brief
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2002. Lisa A. Gennetian, Aletha C. Huston, Danielle A. Crosby, Young Eun Chang, Edward D. Lowe, Thomas S. Weisner.
Congressional deliberations on the future of welfare reform have reopened a debate about whether current child care assistance programs adequately support employment among low-income working parents while also fostering their children's development. Issues at the forefront of this debate are explored in this timely new policy brief.
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Moving People from Welfare to Work
Lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies
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U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, U.S. Department of Education.
2002. Gayle Hamilton.
This report distills lessons from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies (NEWWS) with a focus on the effectiveness of employment-focused versus education-focused programs in helping people move from welfare to work.
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Making Work Pay
Final Report on the Self-Sufficiency Project for Long-Term Welfare Recipients
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Social Research and Demonstration Corporation.
2002. Charles Michalopoulos, Doug Tattrie, Cynthia Miller, Philip K. Robins, Pamela Morris, David Gyarmati, Cindy Redcross, Kelly Foley, Reuben Ford.
Recognizing that welfare recipients who find jobs may remain poor, the "make work pay" approach rewards those who work by boosting their income. This strategy was the centerpiece of the Self-Sufficiency Project (SSP), a large-scale demonstration program in Canada that offered monthly earnings supplements to single parents who left welfare for full-time work.
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Effects of Welfare and Anti-Poverty Policies on Adult Economic and Middle-Childhood Outcomes Differ for the "Hardest to Employ"
Working Paper
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2002. Hirokazu Yoshikawa, Katherine A. Magnuson, Johannes M. Bos, and JoAnn Hsueh.
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How Child Care Assistance in Welfare and Employment Programs Can Support the Employment of Low-Income Families
Working Paper
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2002. Lisa A. Gennetian, Danielle A. Crosby, Aletha C. Huston, and Edward D. Lowe.
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The Effects of Welfare and Employment Programs on Children's Participation in Head Start
Working Paper
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2002. Young Eun Chang, Aletha C. Huston, Danielle A. Crosby, and Lisa A. Gennetian.
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How Welfare and Work Policies for Parents Affect Adolescents
A Synthesis of Research
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2002. Lisa A. Gennetian, Greg J. Duncan, Virginia W. Knox, Wanda G. Vargas, Elizabeth Clark-Kauffman, Andrew S. London.
The latest research synthesis from the Next Generation project takes a closer look at troubling findings regarding the effects of welfare and work programs on the teenaged children of program enrollees.
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Improving Basic Skills
The Effects of Adult Education in Welfare-to-Work Programs
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U.S. Department of Education, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
2002. Johannes M. Bos, Susan Scrivener, Jason Snipes, Gayle Hamilton with Christine Schwartz, Johanna Walter.
Since the early 1980s, welfare policymakers and program operators have debated the role of adult education in program strategies to help welfare recipients make the transition from welfare to work. This report addresses key questions about how welfare-to-work programs that emphasize adult education activities affect the educational and economic outcomes of welfare recipients.
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Welfare Policies Matter for Children and Youth
Lessons for TANF Reauthorization
Policy Brief
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2002. Pamela Morris, Virginia Knox, Lisa A. Gennetian.
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Jobs First
Final Report on Connecticut's Welfare Reform Initiative
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2002. Dan Bloom, Susan Scrivener, Charles Michalopoulos, Pamela Morris, Richard Hendra, Diana Adams-Ciardullo, Johanna Walter with Wanda Vargas.
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Family and Individual Predictors of Child Care Use by Low-Income Families in Difference Policy Contexts
Working Paper
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2002. Aletha C. Huston, Young Eug Chang, Lisa Gennetian.
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Identifying Effects of Income on Children's Development
Integrating and Instrumental Variables Analytic Method with an Experimental Design
Working Paper
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2002. Pamela A. Morris and Lisa A. Gennetian.
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How Effective Are Different Welfare-to-Work Approaches?
Five-Year Adult and Child Impacts for Eleven Programs
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U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, U.S. Department of Education.
2001. Gayle Hamilton, Stephen Freedman, Lisa Gennetian, Charles Michalopoulos, Johanna Walter, Diana Adams-Ciardullo, Anna Gassman-Pines, Sharon McGroder, Martha Zaslow, Surjeet Ahluwalia, Jennifer Brooks with Electra Small, Bryan Ricchetti.
How best to help people move from welfare to work — particularly whether an employment-focused approach or an education-focused approach is more effective — has been a subject of long-standing debate. This report summary, which describes the long-term effects of 11 different mandatory welfare-to-work programs for single parents and their children, takes a major step toward resolving this debate.
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The Challenge of Helping Low-Income Fathers Support Their Children
Final Lessons from Parents’ Fair Share
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2001. Cynthia Miller, Virginia Knox.
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When Financial Incentives Pay for Themselves
Interim Findings From the Self-Sufficiency Project's Applicant Study
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Social Research and Demonstration Corporation.
2001. Charles Michalopoulos, Tracey Hoy.
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"You have to push it — who's gonna raise your kids?"
Situating Child Care and Child Care Subsidy Use in the Daily Routines of Lower-Income Families
Working Paper
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2001. Edward D. Lowe and Thomas S. Weisner.
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My Children Come First
Welfare-Reliant Women's Post-TANF Views of Work-Family Trade-offs and Marriage
Working Paper
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2001. Ellen K. Scott, Kathryn Edin, Andrew S. London, and Joan Maya Mazelis.
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Does Child Care Assistance Matter?
The Effects of Welfare and Employment Programs on Child Care for Pre-School-Aged Children
Working Paper
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2001. Danielle A. Crosby, Lisa A. Gennetian, Aletha C. Huston.
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Does Child Care Assistance Matter?
The Effects of Welfare and Employment Programs on Child Care
Working Paper
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2001. Lisa A. Gennetian, Danielle A. Crosby, Aletha C. Huston.
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A Review of Child Care Policies in Experimental Welfare and Employment Programs
Working Paper
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2001. Lisa A. Gennetian, Anna Gassman-Pines, Aletha C. Huston, Danielle A. Crosby, Young Eun Chang, Edward D. Lowe.
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SSP Plus at 36 Months
Effects of Adding Employment Services to Financial Work Incentives
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Social Research and Demonstration Corporation.
2001. Ying Lei, Charles Michalopoulos.
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Evaluating Two Approaches to Case Management
Implementation, Participation Patterns, Costs, and Three-Year Impacts of the Columbus Welfare-to-Work Program
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U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, U.S. Department of Education.
2001. Susan Scrivener, Johanna Walter with Thomas Brock, Gayle Hamilton.
This report, from the National Evaluation of Welfare-to-Work Strategies, examines the relative effectiveness of traditional versus integrated case-management approaches in welfare-to-work programs.
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How Welfare and Work Policies Affect Employment and Income
A Synthesis of Research
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2001. Dan Bloom, Charles Michalopoulos.
This monograph synthesizes the results of rigorous studies of 29 welfare reform initiatives evaluated by MDRC over the past 15 years. It examines how three policies that form the core of most state's current welfare programs — mandatory employment services, earnings supplements, and time limits on welfare receipt — affect employment, welfare receipt, and income.
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Three-Year Impacts of Connecticut’s Jobs First Welfare Reform Initiative
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2001. Richard Hendra, Charles Michalopoulos, Dan Bloom.
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How Welfare and Work Policies Affect Children
A Synthesis of Research
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2001. Pamela A. Morris, Aletha C. Huston, Greg J. Duncan, Danielle A. Crosby,
Johannes M. Bos.
This monograph assesses the effects on children of three policies that now form part of many states' current welfare packages: providing financial supports to working families, requiring single parents to work or to participate in work-related activities, and putting time limits on welfare benefits.
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The Family Transition Program
Final Report on Florida's Initial Time-Limited Welfare Program
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2000. Dan Bloom, James J. Kemple, Pamela Morris, Susan Scrivener, Nandita Verma,
Richard Hendra with Diana Adams-Ciardullo, David Seith, Johanna Walter.
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Connecticut's Jobs First Program
An Analysis of Welfare Leavers
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2000. Laura Melton, Dan Bloom.
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The Experiences of Welfare Recipients Who Find Jobs
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U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, U.S. Department of Education.
2000. Karin Martinson.
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Four-Year Impacts of Ten Programs on Employment Stability and Earnings Growth
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U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, U.S. Department of Education.
2000. Stephen Freedman.
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Do Mandates Matter?
The Effects of a Mandate to Enter a Welfare-to-Work Program
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U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, U.S. Department of Education.
2000. Jean Tansey Knab, Johannes M. Bos, Daniel Friedlander, Joanna W. Weissman.
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Parenting and Providing
The Impact of Parents' Fair Share on Paternal Involvement
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2000. Virginia Knox, Cindy Redcross.
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Working and Earning
The Impact of Parents' Fair Share on Low-Income Fathers' Employment
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2000. John M. Martinez, Cynthia Miller.
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Reforming Welfare and Rewarding Work
A Summary of the Final Report on the Minnesota Family Investment Program
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2000. Virginia Knox, Cynthia Miller, Lisa A. Gennetian.
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Reforming Welfare and Rewarding Work
Final Report on the Minnesota Family Investment Program
Volume 1 Effects on Adults
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2000. Cynthia Miller, Virginia Knox, Lisa A. Gennetian, Martey Dodoo, Jo Anna Hunter, Cindy Redcross.
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Final Report on the Implementation and Impacts of the Minnesota Family Investment Program in Ramsey County
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2000. Patricia Auspos, Cynthia Miller, Jo Anna Hunter.
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Reforming Welfare and Rewarding Work
Final Report on the Minnesota Family Investment Program Volume 2 Effects on Children
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