Populations with Barriers to Employment

Many people who want and need to work face major barriers to doing so, from a physical or mental disabilities to limited educational attainment to prior experience or involvement with the criminal legal system or law enforcement. MDRC designs and evaluates programs that provide support to people who face such obstacles and aim to create greater stability in people’s lives.

Issue Focus Population

People Who Have Been Incarcerated Veterans People with Substance Use Disorders People with Disabilities

Highlights

Report

New Perspectives on Creating Jobs

Final Impacts of the Next Generation of Subsidized Employment Programs

“Transitional jobs” are temporary, subsidized jobs meant to teach participants basic work skills or help them get started with an employer. The Enhanced Transitional Jobs Demonstration tested seven such programs for people recently released from prison or low-income parents behind on child support. This report presents the final impact results.

Overview »

Full

Report

Scaling Up a Place-Based Employment Program

Highlights from the Jobs Plus Pilot Program Evaluation

Jobs Plus promotes employment among public housing residents through employment services, rent rule changes that provide incentives to work, and community support for work. Within the first 18 months, all nine public housing agencies in this evaluation had begun structuring their programs, building partnerships, and implementing the model’s core components.

Overview »

Full

Report

Findings from In-Depth Interviews with Participants in Subsidized Employment Programs

Subsidized jobs programs seek to increase employment and earnings among individuals who have not been able to find jobs on their own. This report presents the perspectives of participants of 11 such programs. Although there were successes, the majority could not translate their experiences into unsubsidized work.

Overview »

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Tucson Mental Health Diversion Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Locations: Arizona	Jefferson County Equitable Fines and Fees Project (Project JEFF) Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Locations: Alabama	College Completion Fund Project Focus Area: Developmental Education Financial Aid Institutional Reform Student Services Instruction and Curricula Population: Young Adults Populations with Barriers to Employment Populations with Low Incomes
Employment Services for Individuals with Substance Use Disorders Population: Populations with Low Incomes Populations with Barriers to Employment	Individual Placement and Support Model for Employment Services Population: Populations with Low Incomes Populations with Barriers to Employment	New Jersey Criminal Justice Reform Advancing Racial Equity (NJ CARE) Study Focus Area: Pretrial Justice Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Locations: New Jersey
From Theory to Practice (T2P) Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Populations with Low Incomes	Understanding Transit Riders' Payment Decisions and the Role of Cash in King County, Washington Population: Populations with Low Incomes Populations with Barriers to Employment Intervention: Behavioral Interventions	Returning Citizens Stimulus Study Focus Area: Corrections and Reentry Financial Incentives Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Populations with Low Incomes
CTE Advise: Advising Tools in Secondary Education Focus Area: High School Transition to Postsecondary Young People Who Leave High School Before Graduation Youth Employment Job Retention and Advancement Population: Young Adults Populations with Barriers to Employment Populations with Low Incomes Intervention: Career & Technical Education, Counseling/Advising, Job Training, Employment Services, Dual-Enrollment/Bridge Programs	Los Angeles County Reentry Integrated Services Project Focus Area: Corrections and Reentry Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Intervention: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Case Management, Behavioral Interventions, Employment Services Locations: California	Roca Baltimore Study Focus Area: Youth and Juvenile Justice Population: Young Adults Populations with Barriers to Employment Intervention: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Employment Services Locations: Maryland
Pretrial Justice Collaborative Focus Area: Pretrial Justice Corrections and Reentry Youth and Juvenile Justice Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Young Adults	Applied Behavioral Coalition (ABC) Focus Area: Child Care and Early Education High School Two-Generation Programs Corrections and Reentry Health Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Children and Schools Intervention: Transitional Jobs/Subsidized Employment, Case Management, Career & Technical Education, Behavioral Interventions, Employment Services	Head Start Connects Focus Area: Preschool Child Care and Early Education Two-Generation Programs Work Support and Asset Building Population: Children and Schools Families Populations with Barriers to Employment Populations with Low Incomes Intervention: Case Management
Moving To Work Focus Area: Housing/Community Initiatives Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Populations with Low Incomes Intervention: Financial Incentives	Bridging Access to Benefits and Care (BABC) Focus Area: Health Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Intervention: Case Management Locations: New York	HomePath Focus Area: Health Housing/Community Initiatives Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Intervention: Coordinated Care/Care Management
MDRC Center for Criminal Justice Research Focus Area: Pretrial Justice Corrections and Reentry Youth and Juvenile Justice Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Young Adults	MDRC Center for Effective Career and Technical Education Focus Area: High School Transition to Postsecondary Young People Who Leave High School Before Graduation Youth Employment Job Retention and Advancement Population: Young Adults Populations with Barriers to Employment Populations with Low Incomes Intervention: Career & Technical Education, Counseling/Advising, Job Training, Employment Services, Dual-Enrollment/Bridge Programs	Grameen America Evaluation Focus Area: Work Support and Asset Building Financial Incentives Population: Populations with Low Incomes Populations with Barriers to Employment Intervention: Asset Building, Financial Incentives Locations: New Jersey
MDRC Center for Data Insights: Improving Programs and Systems with Actionable Data Science Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Populations with Low Incomes Children and Schools Young Adults Families	Building Evidence on Employment Strategies (BEES) Population: Populations with Low Incomes Populations with Barriers to Employment	Learn and Earn to Achieve Potential (LEAP) Focus Area: Foster Care and Juvenile Justice Youth Employment Population: Young Adults Populations with Barriers to Employment Populations with Low Incomes Intervention: GED Completion, Job Training, Dual-Enrollment/Bridge Programs Locations: Alaska, Arizona, California, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Nebraska, New York
STRIVE Future Leaders Implementation Study Focus Area: Foster Care and Juvenile Justice Young People Who Leave High School Before Graduation Youth Employment Youth and Juvenile Justice Population: Young Adults Populations with Barriers to Employment Intervention: Mentoring, Case Management, Career & Technical Education, Behavioral Interventions, Counseling/Advising, Job Training, Employment Services Locations: California, Connecticut, Illinois, Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania	Breaking Barriers San Diego Focus Area: Welfare Reform Disability Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Populations with Low Incomes Intervention: Welfare-to-Work, Case Management, Employment Services Locations: California	Behavioral Interventions to Advance Self-Sufficiency-Next Generation Focus Area: Child Care and Early Education Two-Generation Programs Welfare Reform Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Families Populations with Low Incomes Children and Schools Intervention: Behavioral Interventions
MDRC Center for Applied Behavioral Science (CABS) Focus Area: Child Support Child Care and Early Education Two-Generation Programs Welfare Reform Work Support and Asset Building Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Families Populations with Low Incomes Children and Schools	NYC Change Capital Fund’s Economic Mobility Initiative Focus Area: Housing/Community Initiatives Population: Populations with Low Incomes Populations with Barriers to Employment Families Locations: New York	Rent Reform Demonstration Focus Area: Housing/Community Initiatives Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Populations with Low Incomes Intervention: Financial Incentives
The Subsidized and Transitional Employment Demonstration (STED) Project Focus Area: Corrections and Reentry Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Intervention: Transitional Jobs/Subsidized Employment	Behavioral Interventions to Advance Self-Sufficiency Project Focus Area: Child Support Child Care and Early Education Two-Generation Programs Welfare Reform Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Families Populations with Low Incomes Children and Schools Intervention: Behavioral Interventions	Jobs-Plus Community Revitalization Initiative for Public Housing Families Focus Area: Housing/Community Initiatives Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Populations with Low Incomes Intervention: Financial Incentives, Employment Services Locations: California, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Washington

Pretrial Justice Reform Study Focus Area: Pretrial Justice Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Populations with Low Incomes	Process and Impact Evaluation of New York City’s Pretrial Supervised Release Program Focus Area: Pretrial Justice Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Populations with Low Incomes Locations: New York	Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Employment (CBE-Emp) Focus Area: Corrections and Reentry Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Intervention: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Employment Services Locations: New York
Changing Attitudes and Motivation in Parolees (CHAMPS) Evaluation Focus Area: Corrections and Reentry Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Intervention: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Locations: Colorado, Iowa, Texas	GED 21st Century Learning Pathways Pilots Focus Area: Instruction and Curricula Young People Who Leave High School Before Graduation Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Intervention: Curricular/Instructional Reforms, GED Completion Locations: New York	Evaluations of State Welfare-to-Work Programs Focus Area: Welfare Reform Population: Populations with Low Incomes Populations with Barriers to Employment Intervention: Reemployment Programs, Welfare-to-Work, Case Management, GED Completion, Job Training, Employment Services Locations: California, Connecticut, Florida, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Vermont, Wisconsin
TANF/SSI Disability Transition Project Focus Area: Disability Health Welfare Reform Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Populations with Low Incomes Intervention: Case Management, Employment Services	Reintegration of Ex-Offenders Random Assignment Evaluation Focus Area: Corrections and Reentry Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Intervention: Employment Services	The Enhanced Transitional Jobs Demonstration Focus Area: Corrections and Reentry Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Intervention: Transitional Jobs/Subsidized Employment Locations: California, Georgia, Indiana, New York, Texas, Wisconsin
Accelerated Benefits Demonstration Focus Area: Disability Health Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Intervention: Coordinated Care/Care Management	Transitional Jobs Reentry Demonstration Focus Area: Corrections and Reentry Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Intervention: Transitional Jobs/Subsidized Employment Locations: Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, Wisconsin	Coordinated Care for High-Cost Medicaid Recipients with Disabilities Focus Area: Health Disability Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Intervention: Telephonic Services, Coordinated Care/Care Management Locations: Colorado, New York
Enhanced Services for the Hard-to-Employ Focus Area: Child Care and Early Education Two-Generation Programs Corrections and Reentry Health Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Intervention: Telephonic Services, Transitional Jobs/Subsidized Employment, Case Management, Employment Services Locations: Kansas, Missouri, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island	Minnesota Family Investment Program Focus Area: Financial Incentives Welfare Reform Population: Populations with Barriers to Employment Intervention: Case Management, Benefits Planning, Financial Incentives, Employment Services Locations: Minnesota	Parents' Fair Share Focus Area: Family Relationships Child Support Population: Families Populations with Barriers to Employment Intervention: Parenting Skills Programs, Counseling/Advising, Job Training, Employment Services Locations: California, Florida, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Jersey, Ohio, Tennessee

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Populations with Barriers to Employment

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